Coral (Calcium Carbonate)

Coral is an organic gemstone formed from the calcium carbonate skeletons of marine polyps. It is primarily composed of high-magnesium calcite and aragonite. Gem-quality corals are categorized by color and origin, with the most famous being red coral. Varieties include the deep red 'Aka' (often called 'oxblood'), the salmon-colored 'Momo', and the pale pink 'Angel Skin'. Historically, coral was believed to have protective powers and was a symbol of wealth and status. In ancient Rome, it was used in children's amulets, while in traditional Chinese and Tibetan culture, it remains a sacred material used in religious artifacts and adornments. When collecting coral, key factors to consider are color, size, and craftsmanship. The most valuable corals exhibit a deep, uniform red color with minimal blemishes. Large, intact branches or beads are rarer and more expensive. As coral is a soft material, skilled craftsmanship is crucial to bring out its beauty without causing damage. Due to over-harvesting and climate change, many precious coral species are now protected under CITES, making antique pieces and sustainably sourced coral particularly sought after. Investors and collectors should always demand certification to ensure the legality and authenticity of their acquisitions.